Through history, Bangladesh has gone through various phases of education systems. Since the days of the British Empire Pakistani regime and, finally, the system of Bangladesh, education has evolved not only in methods, but also in key areas such as language and governance.
During British rule, education was reserved primarily for the rich class. The language of teaching English as a school was religious nuns and other British people. The few Indians who were lucky enough to receive education were from wealthy families (Nawabs) or whose family had ties to the British governing body. For one to receive higher education, a college degree to become a professional, you had to attend school in England. Such was the case of the famous Indian Mahatma Gandhi, who traveled to London to study law. As the natives were treated as second-class citizens, private education was largely in the general population.
After the British had left the Indian subcontinent, the territory now known as Bangladesh was under Pakistani regime as the state of East Pakistan. Education during this period was still very poor, but those who have the means to acquire it were no longer considered second-class citizens. The language of the state, however, was Urdu: the native language of Pakistan. In the eastern region of Pakistan, was the native language Bengali and Urdu not. Therefore, a conflict over language was eminent. School systems were largely worked in the English language as some schools, such as Santa Cruz and Cadet numerous schools were taught by the British and even the nuns. However, in order to obtain government jobs, one had to know Urdu as the state language was. Bengals did not want to learn Urdu as forced to submit their rights to the Pakistanis. So, after a long tongue movement and bloody, the Bengalis had Bengali language practice in their own homeland. So, to recap, during the Pakistani era, the education system is mainly due to indoctrinate students to the Urdu language.
After the liberation war of Bangladesh in 1971, the People's Republic of Bangladesh became an independent nation, free to choose their own educational destination. In Bangladesh was, and remains, a secular state, many forms of education were allowed to coexist. The wonderful British system was, and still is, largely practiced. In fact, at present, the education system of Bangladesh is divided into three distinct branches. Students are free to choose any of them, provided they have the means. These branches are: a) The Middle English, b) Bengali medium, and c) the religious power.
The Middle English
British rule in the Indian subcontinent is still very influential as the second official language of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, etc, are still English. Bangladesh Students have the right to attend school in the middle of English, where courses are taught in English all the use of books in English except Bengali and courses offered religious field in Bengali and Arabic . However, English medium schools are mostly private and therefore reserved for the rich class. After three years of kindergarten, students must successfully pass through ten degrees to be eligible for writing ordinary level examinations, also called O-Levels. Then after a year of study, students can write the Advanced Level (A-Level) examinations. Both routines are offered to students of Arts and Sciences students. Joints Levels and A-levels in England are prepared and are common to all countries in the world at the same time. To write these exams, students must go to the British Council in Dhaka (capital of Bangladesh). Once the tests are written, they are sealed in envelopes and sent to England for correction. After A-levels, students are free to choose their subjects in universities, but most tend to leave the country to study abroad.
Bengali Medium
Alternative for Middle Bengali English is the medium, which is offered by the government. In the Bengali medium, all courses are offered in Bengali, with the exception of English courses and course Religious. Tuition is minimal compared to English schools, but still vary widely among schools. For example, a public school for the children of Army officers is more likely to be more expensive than a public school in a poor village. But everyone has the right to attend these schools, as long as you meet the minimum criteria. After three years of preschool students in Bengali means do five years of primary school. Then go to high school for fifth grade to tenth grade. At the end of tenth grade, you have to write the matriculation examination, which is common to all the world the same year he graduated from Bangladesh. These tests are divided into regional boards to manage and write exams of students in different schools as indicated by their respective boards. Once completed, these tests are corrected by teachers across the country and the ranking is published in the newspaper. There are three divisions for the results. The first division is composed of students who received grades of 60 percent or more. The second division is for students with an average of 45 percent to 59 percent. The third division is for students who have an average of 33 percent to 44 percent. Below 33 percent is considered a failure and students in this category are forced to re-write the exam next year. Students get 80 percent or more are given special recognition.
Religious power
Bangladesh is a very poor country, with millions of homeless children. To educate these children, not religious institutions called "Madrashas" where these children are protected, fed and taught the ways of Islam by priests. These children learn the scripts of the Qur'an and regular prayers. Madrashas are generally linked to the mosques and children often serve the Mosque. Subsidy to these institutions are very low, often these establishments depend on public donations and grants to mosques. Advanced studies of such establishments are nearly nonexistent and at maturity, children tend to be priests and other religious figures. Islam plays a dominant role in the education systems of Bangladesh. In all branches, is required by the government since 1983 to teach Islamic studies. Therefore, children learn to read Arabic from a very early age. However, non-Muslim students are not required to learn the Koran and regularly can be excused from Islamic courses.
The above are the main branches of the system of education in Bangladesh. Besides these, there are other disciplines such as schools and boarding schools cadets, where children are taught primarily under the military regime to join the national army after graduation. Even then, the common tests are still needed by students under these systems.
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